Earwax (cerumen) is a natural product of the ear canal that serves many important functions, primarily to protect the ear from external dirt and contaminants. Normally, earwax finds its way out of your ear canal and into the ear opening, where it is easily washed away. However, when your glands produce more wax than necessary, it may harden and block your ear. As it builds up in the ear canal, earwax can prevent the transmission of sound. In more severe cases, earwax buildup that is not removed may cause earaches or even lead to infection.